謹

Humble, Discreet

Level 69

How this kanji evolved

Explore each form from the oldest known stage to today.

The character 謹 (jǐn) evolved from ancient forms depicting speech or words with elements suggesting restraint and respect. Its composition combines the speech radical 言 (words/speech) with 堇, which originally represented a ritual offering or something treated with care. Over centuries, 謹 came to embody the meaning of 'prudent,' 'respectful,' 'humble,' and 'cautious' in speech and conduct. It reflects the Confucian virtue of careful, respectful communication and behavior highly valued in traditional Chinese culture. Arrived in Japan: The character 謹 likely arrived in Japan during the 5th-6th centuries CE, when the Japanese writing system was developing and Chinese characters (kanji) were systematically imported along with Buddhism, Confucian classics, and Chinese cultural practices. It became part of the Japanese kanji repertoire and is used in formal contexts with similar meanings of respect and humility.

Reading reference

Onyomi (音読み)

キン

Kunyomi (訓読み)

つつし

Related Vocabulary

謹賀新年
Happy New Year