繰

Spin

Level 95

How this kanji evolved

Explore each form from the oldest known stage to today.

The kanji 繰 is a phono-semantic compound (形声文字) formed during the development of Chinese script. The semantic component is 糸 (ito-hen), meaning "thread" or "silk," which directly indicates the character's association with textiles. The phonetic component is 喿, which is itself a compound of 品 (representing a flock of birds chirping noisily) and 木 (tree). While 喿 provided the approximate pronunciation (believed to be similar to "sāo" in Old Chinese), its meaning is unrelated to the concept of spinning; its primary role was to suggest the sound. Historically, the character 繰 in China came to specifically mean "to reel silk," the process of unwinding silk filaments from cocoons to create thread. This was a crucial and delicate step in silk production. The character's evolution is tied to this technical process, and it was incorporated into the Japanese writing system around the 5th to 6th centuries CE, alongside the bulk of kanji, via Buddhist scriptures, official documents, and other cultural imports from the Asian mainland. In Japan, the meaning of 繰 expanded and adapted. While retaining its core idea of "manipulating thread," it broadened to mean "to spin," "to operate (by hand, like a crank)," and, by semantic extension, "to shift (e.g., pages)" and "to manage." This reflects the Japanese application of the character to various actions involving orderly, repetitive movement or transfer. A key cultural note is its use in the word 繰り返す (kurikaesu, "to repeat"), which perfectly captures the essence of the original silk-reeling action—the cyclical, repeated motion of winding thread—applied to a more abstract, temporal concept.

Reading reference

Onyomi (音読み)

ソウ

Kunyomi (訓読み)

く

Related Vocabulary

繰り返す
to repeat, to do over again
繰る
to reel, to wind, to spin (thread), to turn (pages), to flip through (a book), to leaf through (a book), to consult (a dictionary), to refer to (an encyclopedia), to count (e.g. the days), to open one-by-one, to close one-by-one (e.g. shutters)