緩

Loose

Level 94

How this kanji evolved

Explore each form from the oldest known stage to today.

The character 緩 (slow, loose) evolved from ancient forms depicting silk threads being loosened or relaxed. The left component 糸 represents silk threads, while the right component 爰 originally depicted hands exchanging something, but came to represent the phonetic element and the concept of easing or relaxing. Over time, the character's meaning expanded from the physical sense of loosening silk to abstract meanings of slowing down, delaying, or being gentle. It embodies the Chinese philosophical concept that sometimes slackness can be beneficial, as in the saying 'tight strings break easily, loose strings play music.' Arrived in Japan: The character 緩 likely arrived in Japan during the 5th-6th centuries CE along with the broader introduction of Chinese writing systems, either through Korean scribes or direct Chinese cultural exchange. It appears in early Japanese texts like the Manyoshu (8th century) and was incorporated into the Japanese writing system as a standard kanji, retaining its meanings of slowness, looseness, and easing.

Reading reference

Onyomi (音読み)

カン

Kunyomi (訓読み)

ゆる

Related Vocabulary

緩い
loose, lenient, lax, gentle (curve, slope, etc.), slow, weak, soft, not firm, difficult, hard
緩む
to become loose, to slacken (e.g. rope), to become less tense, to relax, to let one's guard down, to slacken (e.g. coldness, supervision), to become lax, to become softer (e.g. ground, facial expression), (of ice) to partially melt, to decrease (e.g. speed), (of a market price) to go down slightly
緩める
to loosen, to slacken, to relax (attention, efforts, etc.), to let down (one's guard), to relieve (tension), to relax (a rule), to ease (e.g. restrictions), to loosen (control), to reduce (speed), to slow down, to ease up, to make more gradual (of a slope)
緩やか
loose, slack, gentle (slope, curve), slow (speed), lenient, liberal, lax
緩慢
slow, sluggish, dull, slack, inactive, lax (regulation, handling, etc.), sloppy