殴

Assault

Level 79

How this kanji evolved

Explore each form from the oldest known stage to today.

The character 殴 (ōu) originates from ancient Chinese and means 'to beat' or 'to hit'. Its evolution shows a combination of the radical 殳 (shū), representing a hand holding a weapon or tool for striking, with the phonetic component 区 (qū/ōu). In the Liushutong (六书通) compilation, L18426 represents an ancient form of this character, demonstrating how the concept of physical assault was graphically represented through weapon-related imagery. The character maintains this core meaning of violent striking across its evolution into modern usage. Arrived in Japan: The character 殴 likely arrived in Japan during the Yayoi period (300 BCE-300 CE) or early Kofun period (300-538 CE) through cultural exchange with China, possibly via Korean peninsula intermediaries. It was systematically introduced along with other Chinese characters during the 5th-6th centuries when Japan adopted Chinese writing systems, and became established in the Japanese writing system as part of the kanji imported during the Asuka period (538-710 CE).

Reading reference

Onyomi (音読み)

オウ

Kunyomi (訓読み)

なぐ

Related Vocabulary

殴り合い
fist fight
殴り込み
raid, attack, assault
殴る
to strike, to hit, to beat, to punch
殴打
hit, strike, blow