撮

Photograph, Photo

Level 92

How this kanji evolved

Explore each form from the oldest known stage to today.

The kanji 撮 is a phono-semantic compound, formed by combining the semantic component 手 (hand; radical 64) with the phonetic component 最. The character 最 itself originally meant "to gather" or "to assemble," derived from 冃 (a cap, signifying covering) and 取 (to take). Thus, the core meaning of 撮 is an action performed by the hand (手) related to "taking" or "gathering." Historically in China, 撮's primary meanings were "to grasp with the fingers," "to pinch," or "to take up a small amount," reflecting its hand radical. It also developed the meaning "to collect" or "to gather." This character, along with the broader Chinese writing system, was introduced to Japan in waves, primarily through the importation of Chinese texts like the *Kojiki* and *Nihon Shoki* around the 5th to 8th centuries. It was integrated into the Japanese *kanji* lexicon, retaining its original Chinese meanings. The modern association with "photograph" or "to take a photo" is a semantic shift that occurred in Japan during the Meiji period (1868-1912). As Western technology like photography was introduced, a term was needed for the action of capturing an image. The verb *satsuei suru* (撮影する) was coined, where 撮 (satsu) carries the meaning "to take" or "to capture," and 影 (ei) means "shadow" or "image." From this compound, 撮 was extracted to be used in words like 撮る (toru/satsuru, to photograph), creating a new, Japan-specific meaning for the ancient character. This repurposing is a prime example of *kokuji* or *wasei kango* (Japanese-made Chinese words) logic being applied to existing Chinese characters.

Reading reference

Onyomi (音読み)

サツ

Kunyomi (訓読み)

と

Related Vocabulary

撮る
to take (a photograph), to record (audio or video), to film, to shoot
撮影
photography (still or motion), photographing, filming, shooting, (video) recording
撮影禁止
no photographs, no photography
自撮り
taking a picture or video of oneself (esp. with a smartphone camera), selfie, video selfie, self-taken picture
盗撮
sneak photography, non-consensual photography, peeping photos, covert filming