吹

Blow

Level 90

How this kanji evolved

Explore each form from the oldest known stage to today.

"吹" is a phono-semantic compound character (形声文字) formed during the Warring States period. Its semantic component is "口" (mouth), indicating an action related to the mouth or breathing. The phonetic component is "欠," which originally depicted a person kneeling with their mouth open as if sighing or blowing. This combination creates the meaning "to blow" or "to puff." The character evolved from earlier bronze script forms where the relationship between the mouth and exhalation was more pictorially represented. In small seal script (小篆), it was standardized into its modern structure. The "欠" component itself is pictographic, representing a person with an open mouth, which reinforces the blowing action. Historically, "吹" has consistently maintained its core meaning related to exhaling air or producing sound through breath. "吹" arrived in Japan around the 5th century AD, primarily through the importation of Chinese texts like the *Kojiki* and *Manyōshū*. It was adopted into the Japanese writing system as a kanji, retaining both its form and fundamental meaning. The character is used in both Sino-Japanese readings (on'yomi, such as "sui") and native Japanese readings (kun'yomi, such as "fuku"). Linguistically, "吹" appears in numerous compounds reflecting its core meaning, such as "吹雪" (blizzard, literally "blowing snow") and "吹奏" (wind instrument performance). Culturally, it connects to traditional Japanese arts like the *shakuhachi* flute, where controlled blowing is essential. The character's stability across millennia demonstrates how effectively its components convey the concept of directed breath or air movement.

Reading reference

Onyomi (音読み)

スイ

Kunyomi (訓読み)

ふ

Related Vocabulary

口笛を吹く
to whistle
吹き込む
to blow in (of wind, rain, etc.), to blow (air) into (e.g. a balloon), to breathe (new life) into, to inspire (someone) with, to put into someone's head, to instill, to infuse, to indoctrinate with, to record (audio; on tape, vinyl, etc.)
吹き出す
to spout out, to spurt out, to gush out, to jet out, to sprout, to bud, to burst into laughter, to blow (smoke, etc.), to send out shoots (of a tree)
吹き飛ばす
to blow away, to blow off, to blow up, to dispel, to drive away, to talk big
吹く
to blow (of the wind), to blow (one's breath), to breathe out, to blow on (hot tea, candles, etc.), to puff, to play (a wind instrument), to blow (a whistle, trumpet, etc.), to whistle (a tune), to emit (smoke, fire, etc.), to spout, to spew, to puff out