防

Prevent, Prevention

Level 64

How this kanji evolved

Explore each form from the oldest known stage to today.

The character 防 evolved from ancient pictographs depicting an earthen embankment or mound used for protection. Its original meaning was 'dike' or 'dam' - a structure built to prevent flooding. Over time, the meaning expanded to encompass the broader concept of 'defense' and 'prevention' in general. The modern form combines the radical 阝(left - meaning mound or hill) with 方 (phonetic component), representing the idea of creating barriers against danger, whether natural disasters or human threats. Arrived in Japan: The character 防 likely arrived in Japan during the 5th-6th centuries CE along with the broader introduction of Chinese writing systems, either directly from China or via the Korean peninsula. It became part of the Japanese kanji repertoire and appears in early Japanese texts like the Manyoshu (8th century), though systematic importation of Chinese characters occurred mainly during the Nara period (710-794 CE).

Reading reference

Onyomi (音読み)

ボウ

Kunyomi (訓読み)

ふせ

Related Vocabulary

堤防
bank, weir, embankment, levee
防ぐ
to defend against, to protect against, to prevent, to avert, to avoid
防火
fire prevention, fire control, fireproofing
防止
prevention, check
防水
waterproofing, making watertight
防犯
prevention of crime, security (device, camera, etc.)
防腐剤
antiseptic, preservative
予防
prevention, protection (against), precaution