運

Carry, Luck

Level 44

How this kanji evolved

Explore each form from the oldest known stage to today.

The character 運 (yùn) evolved from ancient pictographs representing movement and destiny. Its composition combines 辵 (chuò), the radical for walking/movement, with 軍 (jūn), meaning 'army' or 'military.' Originally depicting the organized movement of troops, the character gradually expanded to encompass broader concepts of transportation, fortune, and cosmic fate. In Liushutong, L22273 shows an early form where the military and movement elements are clearly distinguishable, representing how coordinated movement leads to predetermined outcomes - bridging the physical motion of armies with the abstract notion of destiny. Arrived in Japan: The character 運 likely arrived in Japan during the 5th-6th centuries CE, when the Japanese writing system was developing and大量の漢字 (kanji) were imported from China along with Buddhist texts and Confucian classics. It became established in Japanese as 'un' (as in unsei 運命 - fate/destiny) during the Nara period (710-794 CE) when Chinese cultural influence peaked.

Reading reference

Onyomi (音読み)

ウン

Kunyomi (訓読み)

はこ

Related Vocabulary

運
fortune, luck, chance
運がいい
lucky, fortunate
運ぶ
to carry, to transport, to move, to convey, to come, to go, to use (a brush, chopsticks, etc.), to carry out, to proceed with, to arrange, to go (well, etc.), to proceed
運河
(navigable) canal, waterway
運転手
driver, chauffeur
運動
exercise, physical training, workout, sports, athletics, appeal, campaign, drive, crusade, movement, lobbying, motion
運動会
athletic meet (esp. at a school), sports day, field day, sports festival
運搬
transport, transportation, conveyance, carriage
運命
fate, destiny, lot
幸運
good luck, fortune