通

Pass Through

Level 29

How this kanji evolved

Explore each form from the oldest known stage to today.

The character 通 (tōng) evolved from ancient pictographs showing movement through a passage. Its earliest forms in oracle bone script depicted a foot or leg (辵/辶) combined with a 'yong' (甬) element representing a pathway or channel. Over centuries, the character simplified while maintaining its core meaning of 'to pass through,' 'to connect,' or 'to communicate.' In Liushutong, L00040 shows an intermediate form where the walking radical and pathway component are clearly recognizable as the precursor to modern 通. The character embodies the concept of unobstructed flow - whether of people, information, or energy - and appears in words like 交通 (transportation), 通信 (communication), and 通る (to pass through). Arrived in Japan: The character 通 arrived in Japan during the 5th-6th centuries CE, primarily through the introduction of Chinese writing systems via Korean peninsula. It became firmly established during the Asuka period (538-710 CE) when Japan systematically adopted Chinese characters (kanji) along with Buddhism and other elements of Chinese culture. The character maintained similar meanings in Japanese, appearing in early texts like the Kojiki (712 CE) and Manyoshu (8th century).

Reading reference

Onyomi (音読み)

ツウ

Kunyomi (訓読み)

とおかよ

Related Vocabulary

貫き通す
to go through, to pierce, to penetrate, to stick to (opinion, principles, etc.), to carry out, to persist with, to keep (e.g. faith), to maintain (e.g. independence)
貫通
passing through (of a tunnel, bullet, etc.), going (right) through, penetrating, piercing, being well versed (in)
共通点
point in common, common feature
交通
traffic, transportation, communication, exchange (of ideas, etc.), intercourse
交通網
transportation network, transport network, traffic network
疎通
(mutual) understanding, communication, passing without obstruction
通う
to go to and from (a place), to go back and forth between, to run between (e.g. bus, train, etc.), to ply between, to go to (school, work, etc.), to attend, to commute, to frequent, to circulate (e.g. blood, electricity), to be communicated (e.g. thought), to resemble
通す
to let pass, to allow through, to let through, to make way (for), to transmit (e.g. light, sound, etc.), to conduct (electricity), to let permeate (e.g. water through a fabric), to permit through, to let through (e.g. air), to run through (e.g. a pipe), to penetrate, to let in
通り
street, road, avenue, thoroughfare, traffic, coming and going, flow (of water, air, etc.), passage, running, transmission (of sound), reach (of voice), reputation
通る
to go by, to go past, to go along, to travel along, to pass through, to use (a road), to take (a route), to go via, to go by way of, to run (between; of a rail service, bus route, etc.), to operate (between), to connect