猿

Monkey

Level 76

How this kanji evolved

Explore each form from the oldest known stage to today.

The character 猿 (ape, monkey) evolved from ancient pictographs depicting a long-armed, agile creature. In the Liushutong, the form recorded under L07432 shows a clear precursor to the modern kanji, featuring the key radical 犭(quǎn, dog) to classify it as an animal and the component 袁 (yuán) which primarily provides phonetic value but also carries a connotation of 'long' or 'stretching,' possibly alluding to the long arms of a primate. Over centuries, the character was standardized into its current form, 猿, consistently meaning 'monkey' or 'ape' and often symbolizing cleverness, mischief, or wild nature in Chinese culture. Arrived in Japan: The character 猿, along with much of the Chinese writing system, is believed to have arrived in Japan during the 5th to 6th centuries CE, primarily through the importation of Chinese classics like the Confucian and Buddhist canons. It was formally adopted into the Japanese writing system as a kanji during the Asuka and Nara periods.

Reading reference

Onyomi (音読み)

エン

Kunyomi (訓読み)

さる

Related Vocabulary

猿
monkey (esp. the Japanese macaque, Macaca fuscata), ape, non-human primate, sly person, idiot, hick, sliding wooden bolt (for holding a door or window shut), clasp used to control the height of a pot-hook, bathhouse prostitute
猿真似
indiscriminate imitation, monkey see, monkey do, blind follower