比

Compare

Level 64

How this kanji evolved

Explore each form from the oldest known stage to today.

The character 比 originally depicted two people standing side by side, representing the meaning 'to compare' or 'to compete.' In its earliest oracle bone script forms from the Shang Dynasty, it showed two identical figures positioned together. Over time, the character evolved through bronze script, seal script, and clerical script, gradually simplifying into the modern form. The core meaning has remained consistent - representing comparison, analogy, and the relationship between similar things. It's also used in words like 比赛 (competition) and 比例 (proportion), maintaining its fundamental concept of placing things side by side for evaluation. Arrived in Japan: The character 比 was introduced to Japan during the Yayoi period (300 BCE - 300 CE) through cultural exchange with China, but became systematically established as part of the writing system during the Asuka period (538-710 CE) when Japan officially adopted Chinese characters along with Buddhism and other aspects of Chinese culture.

Reading reference

Onyomi (音読み)

ヒ

Kunyomi (訓読み)

くら

Related Vocabulary

対比
contrast, juxtaposition, comparison, correlation (of strata)
比べる
to compare, to make a comparison (between), to compete (on), to measure (one's strength, ability, etc. against another's)
比較
comparison
比較的
comparatively, relatively
比率
ratio, proportion, percentage
比例
proportion, proportional representation section (of an election)