望

Hope

Level 54

How this kanji evolved

Explore each form from the oldest known stage to today.

The character 望 (wàng) has an ancient evolution representing 'to gaze into the distance' or 'to hope.' Its earliest oracle bone form depicted a person standing on elevated ground (𡈼) looking toward the moon (月), conveying the meaning of gazing far away. The modern form combines 亡 (wáng, meaning 'lost' or 'deceased') as phonetic with 月 (moon) and 王 (king) elements, creating the concept of looking toward something distant with expectation - hence meanings like 'to gaze,' 'to hope,' 'full moon,' and 'prestige.' Over time, it evolved from purely visual observation to include abstract concepts of anticipation and reputation. Arrived in Japan: The character 望 arrived in Japan during the 5th-6th centuries CE, primarily through the introduction of Chinese writing systems and Buddhist texts. It was adopted into Japanese as 'mochi' (持つ) in some contexts but more commonly as 'nozomu' (望む) meaning 'to hope' or 'to desire,' and in compounds like 'kibō' (希望 - hope) and 'ichibō' (一望 - panoramic view). The character became firmly established during the Nara period (710-794 CE) when Japan systematically imported Chinese culture and writing.

Reading reference

Onyomi (音読み)

ボウ

Kunyomi (訓読み)

のぞ

Related Vocabulary

願望
desire, wish, aspiration
希望
hope, wish, aspiration, (bright) prospects, expectation
志望
wish, desire, ambition, choice
失望
disappointment, despair
絶望
despair, hopelessness
眺望
view, vista, panorama, outlook, prospect
望み
wish, desire, hope, prospect, expectation, (one's) hopes
望む
to desire, to want, to wish for, to hope for, to expect (of someone), to look forward to, to see, to command (a view of), to overlook