張

Stretch

Level 63

How this kanji evolved

Explore each form from the oldest known stage to today.

The character 張 originated from ancient Chinese pictographs showing a bow with a string being drawn taut. It combines the radical 弓 (bow) with 長 (long), representing the action of stretching a bowstring. Over time, its meaning expanded to include concepts of stretching, extending, spreading, and opening up. In modern usage, it can mean to open, to stretch, to display, or even a common surname. The character evolved through various script styles - from oracle bone script to bronze inscriptions, seal script, clerical script, and finally to the regular script used today. Arrived in Japan: The character 張 arrived in Japan during the 5th-6th centuries CE, primarily through the introduction of Chinese writing systems and Buddhist texts via Korean peninsula. It became incorporated into the Japanese writing system as a kanji character, retaining its core meanings related to stretching and extending, and is used in both native Japanese words and Sino-Japanese compounds.

Reading reference

Onyomi (音読み)

チョウ

Kunyomi (訓読み)

は

Related Vocabulary

威張る
to put on airs, to throw one's weight about, to swagger, to act arrogantly
拡張
expansion, extension, enlargement, escape, ESC
頑張る
to persevere, to persist, to keep at it, to hang on, to hold out, to do one's best, to insist that, to stick to (one's opinion), to remain in a place, to stick to one's post, to refuse to budge
頑張れ
hang in there, go for it, keep at it, do your best
緊張
tension, strain, nervousness, stress, tensions (between countries, groups, etc.), tonus, muscle tone
誇張
exaggeration
張る
to stick, to paste, to affix, to stretch, to spread, to strain, to tighten, to put up (e.g. a tent), to form (e.g. ice on a pond), to fill, to swell, to stick out
縄張り
stretching a rope around, roping off, cordoning off, demarcation, one's turf, domain, territory, jurisdiction, sphere of influence, territory (of an animal)
膨張
expansion, swelling, increase, growth