年

Year

Level 10

How this kanji evolved

Explore each form from the oldest known stage to today.

The character 年 (nián) originally depicted a person carrying harvested grain on their back, symbolizing the harvest season. In oracle bone script, it showed a bent person with a heavy load. Over time, it evolved to represent the concept of a 'year' - the cycle from planting to harvest. The character transformed through bronze script, seal script, and clerical script before reaching its modern form. The meaning expanded from the agricultural harvest to the temporal unit of a year, reflecting how ancient Chinese society measured time by agricultural cycles. Arrived in Japan: The character 年 arrived in Japan during the 5th-6th centuries CE, along with the broader introduction of Chinese writing system through cultural exchange with Korea and China. It was formally adopted into the Japanese writing system during the Asuka period (538-710 CE) as part of the kanji imported for official documents, Buddhist texts, and scholarly works.

Reading reference

Onyomi (音読み)

ネン

Kunyomi (訓読み)

とし

Related Vocabulary

一年生
first-year student, first-year pupil, beginner, novice, newcomer, person who has been in a role for less than a year, annual, annual plant
何年
how many years, how long, what year
学年
academic year, school year, year in school, grade in school
去年
last year
謹賀新年
Happy New Year
近年
recent years
光年
light-year
今年
this year
再来年
year after next
昨年
last year