化

Change

Level 46

How this kanji evolved

Explore each form from the oldest known stage to today.

The character 化 depicts a transformation. It originally showed two figures - one standing upright (人) and one upside-down (匕) - representing the fundamental concept of 'change' or 'transformation' from one state to another. In ancient Chinese philosophy, this character captured the essence of metaphysical transformation, where things constantly evolve into their opposites. Over time, it came to mean 'to change', 'to influence', 'to civilize', and appears in words like 文化 (culture - 'transformation through writing') and 変化 (change). The character's simple but profound composition has remained remarkably consistent from ancient bronze inscriptions to modern usage. Arrived in Japan: The character 化 likely arrived in Japan during the 5th-6th centuries CE, when the Japanese writing system was being developed through contact with Chinese civilization. It was introduced as part of the broader cultural exchange that brought Chinese characters (kanji) to Japan, along with Buddhism, Confucian texts, and Chinese administrative practices.

Reading reference

Onyomi (音読み)

カ

Kunyomi (訓読み)

ば

Related Vocabulary

化かす
to bewitch, to confuse, to enchant, to delude
化ける
to take the form of (esp. in ref. to a spirit, fox, raccoon dog, etc.), to assume the shape of, to turn oneself into, to transform oneself into, to disguise oneself (as), to change (into), to transform, to metamorphose, to change radically (for the better), to improve dramatically and unexpectedly (e.g. of an actor, sportsperson, stock price), to make a complete turnaround
化粧
make-up, makeup, cosmetics, decoration, dressing, veneer
化繊
synthetic fiber, synthetic fibre, chemical fiber, chemical fibre
消化
digestion (of food), digestion (of information), assimilation, thorough understanding, consumption, absorption, using up, meeting (e.g. a quota), completion, losing one's form and turning into something else
消化不良
indigestion, dyspepsia, inability to understand, lacking comprehension, half-baked knowledge, incomprehensibility
浄化
purification, cleanup (e.g. of politics), purge
進化
evolution, becoming more advanced, progress, development, improvement
文化
culture, civilization, civilisation, Bunka era (1804.2.11-1818.4.22)
文化祭
school festival, cultural festival, annual open day school event showcasing student talent