前

Front, Before

Level 31

How this kanji evolved

Explore each form from the oldest known stage to today.

The character 前 originally depicted a foot (止/足) on a boat (舟), symbolizing 'to advance' or 'move forward' across water. Over time, the composition evolved - the boat element simplified and the foot element transformed. In its modern form 前, the original components are no longer visually obvious, but the core meaning of 'forward,' 'front,' or 'before' has been maintained throughout its evolution from ancient bronze scripts to seal script and finally to standard kanji. Arrived in Japan: The character 前 arrived in Japan around the 5th-6th centuries CE, during the period when Chinese writing system was introduced to Japan through cultural exchange with China and the Korean peninsula. It was incorporated into the Japanese writing system as part of the kanji imported during the Asuka and Nara periods, appearing in early Japanese texts like the Kojiki (712 CE) and Manyoshu (8th century).

Reading reference

Onyomi (音読み)

ゼン

Kunyomi (訓読み)

まえ

Related Vocabulary

お前
you, before (a god, nobleman, etc.), in front of
この前
the other day, previously, before, earlier, recently, last time, last (Sunday, summer, etc.), previous (e.g. mayor, chapter), preceding
以前
before, prior to, ago, the past, previously, former times
駅前
in front of a station
紀元前
pre-era, BC, BCE
建前
face, official stance, public position or attitude (as opposed to private thoughts), ceremony for the erection of the framework of a house
午前
morning, a.m.
寸前
just before, on the verge of, on the brink of, just in front of, just ahead of
前
in front (of), before (e.g. a building), before, earlier, previously, prior, ago, (minutes) to (the hour), (the) front, frontal part, fore, head (e.g. of a line)
前回
previous time, last time, previous installment, previous instalment, previous session