備

Provide, Equip

Level 63

How this kanji evolved

Explore each form from the oldest known stage to today.

The character 備 evolved from ancient pictographs showing a quiver full of arrows, originally meaning 'to prepare' or 'to be complete.' In oracle bone script, it depicted an arrow container, emphasizing readiness for battle. By the bronze script era, the structure became more standardized, incorporating the human radical (亻) to indicate human preparation. The modern form 備 maintains this meaning of preparation, completeness, and equipment, reflecting its martial origins transformed into general readiness. Arrived in Japan: The character 備 likely arrived in Japan during the 5th-6th centuries CE, along with the broader introduction of Chinese writing systems through Buddhist texts, diplomatic exchanges, and Korean scholars. It was incorporated into the Japanese writing system as part of the kanji imported during the Yamato period, before the development of kana scripts.

Reading reference

Onyomi (音読み)

ビ

Kunyomi (訓読み)

そな

Related Vocabulary

準備
preparation, arrangements, getting ready, provision, setup, reserving
備える
to furnish with, to equip with, to provide, to install, to prepare for, to make preparations for, to make provision for, to possess (all that is needed), to be endowed with, to be equipped with, to be born with, to have since birth
備蓄
stocking up (in case of emergency), stockpile, reserves, storing, laying in (supplies)