休

Rest

Level 5

How this kanji evolved

Explore each form from the oldest known stage to today.

The character 休 depicts a person (人) leaning against a tree (木), representing the original meaning of 'to rest.' This hieroglyphic-metaphoric composition from oracle bone script simply and vividly conveys the concept of pausing labor to recover under the shade of a tree. Over time, its meaning expanded to include 'to stop,' 'to cease,' and even 'happiness' or 'good fortune,' as seen in classical texts. It exemplifies the fundamental Liushutong principle of associative compounds (会意), where two components combine to create a new meaning. Arrived in Japan: The character 休, along with the Chinese writing system, is believed to have first arrived in Japan around the 5th century AD, during the early Yamato period. It was introduced via Korean Peninsula intermediaries and through direct contact with Chinese culture. Its adoption became systematic from the Asuka period (6th-7th century) onwards, as part of the broader importation of Chinese literature, Buddhism, and administrative practices.

Reading reference

Onyomi (音読み)

キュウ

Kunyomi (訓読み)

やす

Related Vocabulary

夏休み
summer vacation, summer holiday
休み
rest, recess, respite, vacation, holiday, absence, suspension, dormancy (of a silkworm prior to moulting)
休む
to be absent, to take a day off, to rest, to have a break, to go to bed, to (lie down to) sleep, to turn in, to retire, to stop doing some ongoing activity for a time, to suspend business
休暇
holiday, vacation, day off, time off, leave, furlough
休学
temporary absence from school
休憩
rest, break, recess, intermission
休憩所
rest area, rest stop, service area (next to a highway), service station, parking area
休止
pause, suspension, rest, stoppage
休日
holiday, day off
春休み
spring break, spring vacation